ZyXEL Communications VMG5313-B30A Guide de l'utilisateur Page 105
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Chapter 6 Broadband
VMG1312-B Series User’s Guide
105
Multicast
IP packets are transmitted in either one of two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast
(1 sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the
network - not everybody and not just 1.
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership
in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an
improvement over version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to
read more detailed information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please
see sections 4 and 5 of RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be
in the range 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group
and is used by IP multicast computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is
assigned to the permanent group of all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the
224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP. The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast
routers group.
At start up, the Device queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After
that, the Device periodically updates this information.
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice
versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely
important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access
it.
The Device can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
1 The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you
sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
2 If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the Device’s WAN IP
address), set the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This
is an example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can
be written as 2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can
only appear once in an IPv6 address. So 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be
written as 2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015,
2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An
IPv6 prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address
- VMG1312-B Series 1
- Related Documentation 2
- Contents Overview 3
- Table of Contents 10
- VMG1312-B Series User’s Guide 10
- Table of Contents 11
- CHAPTER 1 17
- ADSL / VDSL 18
- File Sharing 19
- Media Server 19
- 1.5 LEDs (Lights) 20
- 1.6 The RESET Button 21
- 1.7 Wireless Access 21
- CHAPTER 2 23
- 2.2 Web Configurator Layout 25
- 2.2.2 Main Window 26
- 2.2.3 Navigation Panel 26
- LINK TAB FUNCTION 27
- CHAPTER 3 31
- CHAPTER 4 33
- Chapter 4 Tutorials 35
- SSID Example 36
- Security Mode WPA-PSK 36
- 802.11 Mode 802.11b/g/n Mixed 36
- 4.3.2 Using WPS 38
- Wireless Client 39
- PIN Configuration 40
- 4.3.3 Without WPS 41
- SSID Company VIP Guest 42
- Chapter 4 Tutorials 44
- R’s N2 192.168.10.2 47
- B 192.168.10.33 47
- 10,000 kbps 48
- Tutorial: Advanced > QoS 49
- Josephine 53
- Computer with 55
- ZyXEL Device 55
- USB Storage Device 55
- Windows Media Player 55
- Windows 7 57
- DMA-2500 59
- Tutorial: Add a Port Window 62
- Tutorial: Add a Port Wizard 62
- Tutorial: Printers Folder 65
- Tutorial: Macintosh HD 74
- Tutorial: Macintosh HD folder 74
- Tutorial: Printer Model 76
- Tutorial: Print Server 76
- CHAPTER 5 79
- 5.3 The Status Screen 80
- CHAPTER 6 83
- 6.1.2 What You Need to Know 84
- IPv6 Introduction 85
- 6.2 The Broadband Screen 86
- 6.2.1.1 Routing Mode 87
- Chapter 6 Broadband 88
- Table 8 Routing Mode 88
- Chapter 6 Broadband 89
- 6.2.1.2 Bridge Mode 91
- 6.3 The 3G Backup Screen 94
- 6.4 The Advanced Screen 98
- 6.5 The 8021x Screen 99
- 6.6 Technical Reference 100
- Encapsulation 101
- IP over Ethernet 101
- PPP over ATM (PPPoA) 101
- PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) 101
- RFC 1483 101
- Multiplexing 102
- Traffic Shaping 102
- ATM Traffic Classes 103
- IP Address Assignment 104
- Introduction to VLANs 104
- Multicast 105
- DNS Server Address Assignment 105
- IPv6 Addressing 105
- IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length 105
- CHAPTER 7 107
- 7.2 The General Screen 108
- 7.2.1 No Security 110
- 7.2.2 Basic (WEP Encryption) 111
- 7.2.4 WPA(2) Authentication 114
- 7.3 The More AP Screen 115
- 7.3.1 Edit More AP 116
- 7.4 MAC Authentication 117
- 7.5 The WPS Screen 118
- 7.6 The WMM Screen 120
- 7.7 The WDS Screen 121
- 7.7.1 WDS Scan 122
- 7.8 The Others Screen 123
- Chapter 7 Wireless 124
- LABEL DESCRIPTION 124
- 7.10 Technical Reference 125
- Radio Channels 126
- 7.10.3.1 SSID 128
- 7.10.3.2 MAC Address Filter 128
- 7.10.3.3 User Authentication 128
- 7.10.4 Signal Problems 129
- 7.10.5 BSS 130
- 7.10.6 MBSSID 130
- 7.10.7 Preamble Type 131
- 7.10.9.2 PIN Configuration 132
- 7.10.9.3 How WPS Works 134
- CLIENT 1 136
- CLIENT 2 136
- 7.10.9.5 Limitations of WPS 137
- CHAPTER 8 139
- 8.1.2 What You Need To Know 140
- 8.2 The LAN Setup Screen 141
- Chapter 8 Home Networking 143
- 8.3 The Static DHCP Screen 144
- 8.4 The UPnP Screen 146
- Installing UPnP in Windows Me 147
- Installing UPnP in Windows XP 148
- Networking Services 149
- Network Co nnections 150
- Web Configurator Easy Access 152
- 8.8 The STB Vendor ID Screen 156
- 8.9 The LAN VLAN Screen 157
- 8.10 Technical Reference 157
- LANs, WANs and the Device 158
- IP Pool Setup 158
- 8.10.4 LAN TCP/IP 159
- CHAPTER 9 161
- 9.2 The Routing Screen 162
- 9.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route 163
- Chapter 9 Routing 166
- CHAPTER 10 167
- 10.2 What You Need to Know 168
- Traffic Policing 169
- 10.4 The Queue Setup Screen 170
- 10.5 The Class Setup Screen 172
- 10.5.1 Add/Edit QoS Class 174
- 10.7 The QoS Monitor Screen 179
- 10.8 Technical Reference 180
- IP Precedence 181
- Token Bucket 182
- Two Rate Three Color Marker 183
- CHAPTER 11 185
- Port Forwarding 186
- Finding Out More 186
- 192.168.1.1 187
- IP Address assigned by ISP 187
- 11.3 The Applications Screen 189
- 11.3.1 Add New Application 190
- 11.5 The DMZ Screen 193
- 11.6 The ALG Screen 194
- 11.8 Technical Reference 196
- 11.8.2 What NAT Does 197
- Inside Local 198
- Address (ILA) 198
- Inside Global 198
- Address (IGA) 198
- 11.8.4 NAT Application 199
- Port Forwarding Example 200
- CHAPTER 12 201
- 12.2 The DNS Entry Screen 202
- 12.3 The Dynamic DNS Screen 203
- Chapter 12 Dynamic DNS Setup 204
- CHAPTER 13 205
- Internet 206
- Chapter 13 Interface Group 209
- Chapter 13 Interface Group 210
- CHAPTER 14 211
- 14.2 The File Sharing Screen 212
- 14.2.1 Before You Begin 213
- 14.3 The Media Server Screen 214
- 14.4.1 Before You Begin 215
- CHAPTER 15 217
- 15.1.2 What You Need to Know 218
- 15.2 The Firewall Screen 219
- 15.3 The Service Screen 219
- 15.3.1 Add/Edit a Service 220
- Chapter 15 Firewall 222
- 15.5 The DoS Screen 224
- Chapter 15 Firewall 225
- CHAPTER 16 227
- Chapter 16 MAC Filter 228
- CHAPTER 17 229
- Chapter 17 Parental Control 231
- Chapter 17 Parental Control 232
- CHAPTER 18 233
- 18.2.1 Add/Edit a Schedule 234
- CHAPTER 19 235
- 19.4 The Trusted CA Screen 239
- Chapter 19 Certificates 242
- CHAPTER 20 243
- 20.2 The System Log Screen 244
- 20.3 The Security Log Screen 245
- Chapter 20 Log 246
- CHAPTER 21 247
- Chapter 21 Traffic Status 248
- 21.3 The LAN Status Screen 249
- CHAPTER 22 251
- Chapter 22 ARP Table 252
- CHAPTER 23 253
- Chapter 23 Routing Table 254
- CHAPTER 24 255
- Chapter 24 IGMP Status 256
- CHAPTER 25 257
- Chapter 25 xDSL Statistics 258
- Chapter 25 xDSL Statistics 259
- CHAPTER 26 261
- Chapter 26 User Account 262
- CHAPTER 27 263
- Chapter 27 Remote Management 264
- CHAPTER 28 265
- Chapter 28 TR-069 Client 266
- CHAPTER 29 267
- Chapter 29 TR-064 268
- CHAPTER 30 269
- Chapter 30 Time Settings 270
- Chapter 30 Time Settings 271
- CHAPTER 31 273
- CHAPTER 32 275
- 32.2.1 Example E-mail Log 276
- Chapter 32 Logs Setting 278
- CHAPTER 33 279
- CHAPTER 34 281
- Restore Configuration 282
- 34.3 The Reboot Screen 283
- CHAPTER 35 284
- 35.4 802.1ag 286
- 35.5 OAM Ping Test 287
- CHAPTER 36 289
- 36.2 Device Access and Login 290
- 36.3 Internet Access 292
- 36.5 USB Device Connection 294
- 36.6 UPnP 294
- MSN messenger 295
- Chapter 36 Troubleshooting 296
- APPENDIX A 297
- Installing Components 298
- Configuring 298
- Verifying Settings 300
- Windows 2000/NT/XP 300
- Windows Vista 305
- Macintosh OS 8/9 312
- Macintosh OS X 313
- Using Configuration Files 317
- APPENDIX B 319
- Subnet Masks 320
- Network Size 321
- Notation 321
- Subnetting 322
- Example: Four Subnets 323
- Example: Eight Subnets 324
- Subnet Planning 325
- Configuring IP Addresses 326
- Private IP Addresses 326
- APPENDIX C 327
- JavaScripts 330
- Java Permissions 332
- JAVA (Sun) 333
- Mozilla Firefox 334
- APPENDIX D 337
- Fragmentation Threshold 340
- IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN 341
- Wireless Security Overview 341
- IEEE 802.1x 342
- Types of RADIUS Messages 342
- Types of EAP Authentication 343
- PEAP (Protected EAP) 344
- Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 344
- WPA and WPA2 345
- Encryption 345
- User Authentication 346
- Types of Antennas for WLAN 349
- Positioning Antennas 349
- Appendix D Wireless LANs 350
- APPENDIX E 351
- Global Address 352
- Unspecified Address 352
- Loopback Address 352
- Multicast Address 352
- Subnet Masking 353
- Interface ID 353
- Identity Association 353
- DHCP Relay Agent 354
- Prefix Delegation 354
- IPv6 Cache 355
- Multicast Listener Discovery 355
- MLD Messages 355
- APPENDIX F 359
- Appendix F Services 360
- Appendix F Services 361
- APPENDIX G 363
- Notices 364
- MitraStar Limited Warranty 364
- Registration 365
- Safety Warnings 365
- Appendix G Legal Information 366
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