ZyXEL Communications NWD-210N - FOR MAC V1.00 Guide de l'utilisateur télécharger pdf (Page 195)

NBG5715 User’s Guide 195

APPENDIX C

IP Addresses and Subnetting

This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks.

IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device (including

computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the

network. These networking devices are also known as hosts.

Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use

subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks.

Introduction to IP Addresses

One part of the IP address is the network number, and the other part is the host ID. In the same

way that houses on a street share a common street name, the hosts on a network share a common

network number. Similarly, as each house has its own house number, each host on the network has

its own unique identifying number - the host ID. Routers use the network number to send packets

to the correct network, while the host ID determines to which host on the network the packets are

delivered.

Structure

An IP address is made up of four parts, written in dotted decimal notation (for example,

192.168.1.1). Each of these four parts is known as an octet. An octet is an eight-digit binary

number (for example 11000000, which is 192 in decimal notation).

Therefore, each octet has a possible range of 00000000 to 11111111 in binary, or 0 to 255 in

decimal.

1 2 ... 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 ... 291 292

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ZyXEL Communications NWD-210N - FOR MAC V1.00 Guide de l'utilisateur Page 195